Endocrine Oncology
An Introduction to Endocrine Oncology
Endocrine oncology encompasses malignancies of hormone-producing glands such as the thyroid, parathyroid, pituitary and adrenal gland, as well as endocrine tumours of the gastrointestinal tract and pancreas. While some of these malignancies are relatively rare, thyroid cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in people aged 15–29 years. These cancers present a therapeutic challenge as chemotherapy is often ineffective, and the proliferation rate and the mutational load are usually very low. Advances include small-molecule kinase inhibitors, I-124-positron emission tomography and computed X-ray tomography-based selection of optimal therapeutic strategies, peptide receptor radionuclide therapy with somatostatin receptor antagonists, cell-based therapies and novel immunotherapies.
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Dr Svenja Nölting shares how her international experiences and dedicated mentors shaped her career in neuroendocrine oncology, discusses the profound impact of hormones on the body, and highlights the future of precision medicine in tailoring treatments for endocrine disorders.
Thyroid nodules are common worldwide, and their prevalence is increasing. Most nodules are asymptomatic and detected incidentally on cross-sectional imaging or physical examination. In rare cases (10–15%), nodules are malignant and require diagnostic evaluation. Even malignant nodules frequently show non-aggressive behaviour.1 ...
Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is a non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma originating from the germinal center, characterized by dysregulation of the MYC gene, often resulting from the translocation of chromosome 8 into 14. It is extremely aggressive, representing the fastest proliferating cancer, and typically involves ...
Pituitary tumours (PTs) are located in the sella turcica, which surrounds the adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis. PTs range from asymptomatic incidentalomas to symptomatic aggressive neoplasms, such as invasive neoplasms or pituitary carcinomas.1 Symptomatic lesions can be characterized either by hormonal overproduction ...
Following a scientific primer, the role of radiopharmaceuticals in the management of neuroendocrine tumours and prostate cancer, alongside approaches to support clinical implementation, are explored by leading experts.
Bladder cancer (BC) is the second most commonly diagnosed urological neoplasm worldwide.1 Approximately 10–15% of patients already have metastases in lymph nodes, lungs, liver and bones at diagnosis.2,3 Metastatic BC has a poor prognosis, with a 5-year overall survival (OS) rate ...
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is an inherited tumour endocrine syndrome, with the parathyroid glands, anterior pituitary gland and pancreas as the main sites of MEN1-related neuroendocrine tumours (NETs). MEN1 is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, with 90% of ...
Enrique Grande, ENETS Conference 2021: Clinical Trials in Europe
Postmenopausal state is associated with changes in the hormonal milieu characterized by reduced oestrogen, increased gonadotrophins and a small increase in testosterone levels.1,2Â As a result, it is not uncommon for women in postmenopausal age group to show mild increases ...
Immune checkpoints are small molecules that are present on the cell surface of T lymphocytes to regulate the immune response. While some of these molecules enhance the stimulatory signals, others boost the inhibitory signals to blunt the activity of T ...
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