touchREVIEWS in Endocrinology Volume 21, Issue 1, 2025

We are pleased to present the latest issue of touchREVIEWS in Endocrinology, which offers a timely and thoughtprovoking collection of articles that reflect both the continuity and evolution of diabetes and metabolic disease research. In an era where technology, public health priorities and clinical paradigms are shifting rapidly, this issue highlights the importance of evidence-based […]

Very few trials in the history of medical science have altered the treatment landscape as profoundly as the UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS). Even 44 years after its inception, the trial and post-study follow-up findings continue to fascinate and enlighten the medical community. The study was conceived at a time when there was uncertainty about […]

Diabetes is a chronic disease associated with both acute and chronic complications. Many advances have been introduced throughout history to address these problems. While each clinical breakthrough was welcomed with relief and the expectation that a solution had been discovered, it was followed by the acknowledgement that continued exploration was needed. The scientific trials and […]

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a life-threatening infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).1 Diabetes mellitus is one of the most frequent comorbidities, related to hospitalization due to SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as a risk factor for disease severity, poor disease outcome, increased morbidity and mortality rate.2–6 SARS-CoV-2 enters human cells by binding […]

Article Highlights Early use of sodium–glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors following myocardial infarction was associated with the following factors: Lower hospitalization for heart failure (odds ratio [OR]: 0.75; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.62–0.90; p=0.002). Similar cardiovascular deaths (OR: 1.04; 95% CI: 0.83–1.30; p=0.76). Similar all-cause mortality (OR: 1.00; 95% CI: 0.82–1.21; p=0.98). Similar risks of ketoacidosis, acute […]

Article highlights There is growing clinical importance attributed to the development of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Numerous international groups now advocate screening for advanced fibrosis in people with risk factors, such as T2D, using non-invasive biomarkers. This article explores the rationale to screen for advanced fibrosis in people with risk […]

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy affecting women of reproductive age and is characterized by hyperandrogenism, anovulation and insulin resistance (IR).1 Women with PCOS have a high risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D), dyslipidaemia, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases.2,3 IR and hyperandrogenism are closely intertwined in the pathogenesis of PCOS. The current standard of […]

Hyponatraemia is primarily a disorder of water balance or distribution, characterized by serum sodium (Nas) levels less than 135 mmol/L.1 Hyponatraemia is the most common electrolyte disorder among elderly patients and is associated with increased mortality rates and longer hospital stays.2–4 The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) is a frequent cause of hyponatraemia in […]

Article Highlights This study aims to find an effective and affordable biomarker panel for early non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) detection in Indian women with morbid obesity, given the rising prevalence of NAFLD and limited accessibility of ultrasound sonography (USG) for diagnosis in resource-limited settings. The study included 106 women with morbid obesity who underwent […]