Trending Topic

Stastical analysis indication diabetes mellitus .generative ai
5 mins

Trending Topic

Developed by Touch
Mark CompleteCompleted
BookmarkBookmarked
Saptarshi Bhattacharya, Sanjay Kalra, Lakshmi Nagendra

Very few trials in the history of medical science have altered the treatment landscape as profoundly as the UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS). Even 44 years after its inception, the trial and post-study follow-up findings continue to fascinate and enlighten the medical community. The study was conceived at a time when there was uncertainty about […]

< 1 min

Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and the Metabolic Syndrome

Ishwarlal Jialal, Rajeev Goyal, Sridevi Devaraj
Share
Facebook
X (formerly Twitter)
LinkedIn
Via Email
Mark CompleteCompleted
BookmarkBookmarked
Copy LinkLink Copied
Download as PDF
Published Online: Jun 6th 2011 US Endocrinology, 2008;4(2):32-7 DOI: http://doi.org/10.17925/USE.2008.04.2.32
Select a Section…
1

Abstract

Overview

Metabolic Syndrome
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) comprises a cluster of metabolic abnormalities with insulin resistance and adiposity as its central features, which confer an increased propensity to diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The metabolic abnormalities include central obesity, dyslipidemia (high triglycerides, low high-density lipoprotein [HDL]), hypertension, and impaired fasting glucose (IFG). Five diagnostic criteria have been identified by the Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP-III) and the presence of any three features (central obesity, dyslipidemia [high triglycerides, low HDL], hypertension, and IFG) is considered sufficient to diagnose the syndrome.1–3 Twenty-four percent of US adults have the MetS and the prevalence increases with age (44% at 60 years of age).4

1

References

  1. Reaven GM, Annu Rev Nutr, 2005;25: 391–406.
  2. Eckel RH, Grundy SM, Zimmet PZ, Lancet, 2005;365(9468): 1415–28.
  3. Haffner S, Cassells HB, Diabetes Obes Metab, 2003;5(6):359–70.
  4. Ford ES, Diabetes Care, 2005;28(11):2745–9.
  5. Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults, JAMA, 2001;285:2486–97.
  6. Lakka HM, Laaksonen DE, Lakka TA, et al., JAMA, 2002;288(21):2709–16.
  7. Alexander CM, Landsman PB, Teutsch SM, et al., Diabetes, 2003;52(5):1210–14.
  8. Hanson RL, Imperatore G, Bennett PH, Knowler WC, Diabetes, 2002;51(10):3120–27.
  9. Freeman D, Norrie J, Sattar N, et al. Circulation, 2001;103:357–62.
  10. Assmann G, Nofer JR, Schulte H, Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am, 2004;33(2):377–92.
  11. Heinrich PC, Castell JV, Biochem J, 1990;265:621–36.
  12. Ridker PM, Hennekens CH, Buring JE, Rifai N, N Engl J Med, 2000;342(12): 836–43.
  13. Heinrich PC, Castell JV, Andus T, Biochem J, 1990;265(3):621–36.
  14. Vozarova B,Weyer C, Hanson K, et al., Obes Res, 2001;9:414–17.
  15. Pickup JC, Mattock MB, Chusney GD, et al., Diabetologia, 1997;40:1286–92.
  16. Devaraj S, Jialal I, Free Radic Biol Med, 2000;29(8):790–92.
  17. Fasshauer M, Paschke R, Diabetologia, 2003;46(12): 1594–1603.
  18. Moller DE, Trends Endocrinol Metab, 2000;11(6):212–17.
  19. Hotamisligil GS, Science, 1993; 259:87–91.
  20. Kern PA, Saghizadeh M, Ong JM, et al., J Clin Invest, 1995;95:2111–19.
  21. Dandona P,Weinstock R, Thusu K, et al., J Clin Endocrinol. Metab, 1998;83:2907–10.
  22. Van Exel E, Gussekloo J, de Craen AJ et al., Diabetes, 2002; 51(4):1088–92.
  23. Esposito K, Pontillo A, Giugliano F, et al., J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2003; 88(3):1055–8.
  24. Jialal I, Devaraj S, Am J Clin Pathol, 2001;(Suppl. 116):S108–15.
  25. Yudkin JS, Kumari M, Humphries SE, et al., Atherosclerosis, 2000;148:209–14.
  26. Festa A, D’Agostino R Jr, Howard G, et al., Circulation, 2000;102(1):42–7.
  27. Vu JD, Vu JB, Pio JR, et al., Am J Cardiol, 2005;96(5):655–8.
  28. Devaraj S, Swarbrick MM, Singh U, et al., Am J Clin Pathol, 2008;129(5): 815–22.
  29. Sugiura K, Tamakoshi K, Yatsuya H, et al., Int J Cardiol, 2008;130(2):159–64.
  30. Ridker PM, Glynn RJ, Hennekens CH, Circulation, 1998;97(20): 2007–11.
  31. Ridker PM, Buring JE, Cook NR, Rifai N, Circulation, 2003;107(3):391–7.
  32. Ballantyne CM, Hoogeveen RC, Bang H, et al., Arch Intern Med, 2005;165(21):2479–84.
  33. Downs JR, Clearfield M,Weis S, et al., JAMA, 1998;279(20): 1615–22.
  34. Koenig W, Khuseyinova N, Baumert J, Meisinger C, Clin Chem, 2008;54(2):335–42.
  35. Eiriksdottir G, Aspelund T, Bjarnadottir K, et al., Atherosclerosis, 2006;186(1): 222–4.
  36. Ridker PM, Wilson PW, Grundy SM, Circulation, 2004;109:2818–25.
  37. Wozniak SE, Gee LL,Wachtel MS, Frezza EE, Dig Dis Sci, 2008; epub ahead of print.
  38. Ye J, Int J Obes (Lond), 2008; epub ahead of print.
  39. Rasouli N, Kern PA, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2008;93(11 Suppl. 1): S64–73.
  40. Attie AD, Scherer PE, J Lipid Res, 2008; epub ahead of print.
  41. Oda E, Hypertens Res, 2008;31(7):1283–91.
  42. Chandran M, Phillips SA, Ciaraldi T, Henry RR, Diabetes Care, 2003;26: 244–50.
  43. Kondo H, Shimomura I, Matsukawa YE, et al., Diabetes, 2002;51(7):2325–8.
  44. Weyer C, Funahashi T, Tanaka S, et al., J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2001; 86(5):1930–35.
  45. Matsuzawa Y, Funashi T, Kihar S, Shimomura I, Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 2004;24: 29–33.
  46. Pellme F, Smith U, Funahashi T, et al., Diabetes, 2003;52:1182–6.
  47. Snehalatha C, Mukesh B, Simon M, et al., Diabetes Care, 2003;26:3226–9.
  48. Lu JY, Huang KC, Chang LC, et al., J Biomed Sci, 2008;15(5):565–76.
  49. Phillips LK, Prins JB, Curr Hypertens Rep, 2008;10(2):156–64.
  50. Sutherland JP, McKinley B, Eckel RH, Metab Syndr Relat Disord, 2004;2(2):82–104.
  51. Beltowski J, Jamroz-Wisniewska A, Widomska S, Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets, 2008;8(1):7–46.
  52. Devaraj S, Torok N, Dasu MR, et al., Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 2008;28(7):1368–74.
  53. Beltowski J, Atherosclerosis, 2006; 189(1):47–60.
  54. Martin SS, Qasim A, Reilly MP, J Am Coll Cardiol, 2008;52(15):1201–10.
  55. Dubey L, Hesong Z, Exp Clin Cardiol, 2006;11(4):269–75.
  56. Lago R, Gómez R, Lago F, et al., Cell Immunol, 2008;252(1–2):139–45.
  57. Matarese G, Mantzoros C, La Cava A, Curr Pharm Des, 2007;13(36):3676–80.
  58. Wallace AM, McMahon AD, Packard CJ, et al., Circulation, 2001;104(25):3052–6.
  59. Calabrò P, Limongelli G, Pacileo G, et al., J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown), 2008;9(5):450–60.
  60. Asano T, Sakosda H, Fujishiro M, et al., Curr Diabetes Rev, 2006;2(4):449–54.
  61. Gómez-Ambrosi J, Frühbeck G, Curr Diabetes Rev, 2005;1(3):227–34.
  62. Bárány P, Lindholm B, Stenvinkel P, Am J Nephrol, 2008;29(5):447–53.
  63. Kowalska I, Straczkowski M, Adamska A, et al., J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2008;93(7):2786–9.
  64. Lewis JG, Shand BI, Elder PA, Scott RS, Diabetes Res Clin Pract, 2008;80(1):e13–15.
  65. Takebayashi K, Suetsugu M,Wakabayashi S, et al., J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2007;92(7):2712–19.
  66. Tamura Y, Sugimoto M, Murayama T, et al., Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 2008;28(12):2195–2201.
  67. Blanco-Colio LM, Martín-Ventura JL, de Teresa E, et al., Am Heart J, 2007;153(5):881–8.
  68. Linton MF, Fazio S, Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord, 2003;27 (Suppl. 3):S35–40.
  69. Ridker PM, Rifai N, Pfeffer MA, et al., Circulation, 1998;98(9):839–44.
  70. Yang RZ, Lee MJ, Hu H, et al., PLoS Med, 2006;3(6):e287.
  71. Vague P, Juhan-Vague I, Chabert V, et al., Metabolism, 1989;38:913–15.
  72. McGill JB, Schneider DJ, Arfken CL, et al., Diabetes, 1994;43:104–9.
  73. Janand-Delenne B, Chagnaud C, Raccah D, et al., Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord, 1998;22:312–17.
  74. Sakkinen PA,Wahl P, Cushman M, et al., Am J Epidemiol, 2000;152:897–907.
  75. Juhan-Vague I, Pyke SD, Alessi MC, et al., Circulation, 1996;94:2057–63.
  76. Festa A, D’Agostino R Jr, Mykkanen L, et al., Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 1999;19:605–10.
  77. Meigs JB, Mittleman MA, Nathan DM, et al., JAMA, 2000;283:221–8.
  78. Gomes VA, Casella-Filho A, Chagas AC, Nitric Oxide, 2008;19(4):345–50.
  79. Fortuno A, Jose GS, Moreno MU, et al., Diabetes, 2006;55:209–15.
  80. Bedard K, Krause H, Physiol Rev, 2007;87: 245–313.
  81. Cardona F, Túnez I, Tasset I, et al., EJCI, 2008; 38(7),510–15.
2

Further Resources

Share
Facebook
X (formerly Twitter)
LinkedIn
Via Email
Mark CompleteCompleted
BookmarkBookmarked
Copy LinkLink Copied
Download as PDF
Close Popup