Search Results
Showing Results for autoimmune thyroiditis
Alopecia is a dermatological disorder characterized by hair loss from the scalp or body.1–3 It is one of the most common dermatological disorders worldwide and has several aetiologies, such as hereditary background, hormonal imbalance, infection or idiopathic causes.1,3,4 Alopecia can ...
Thyrotoxicosis refers to the signs and symptoms derived from excess circulating thyroid hormones in the body,1Â which must be differentiated from hyperthyroidism, in which there is an increase in the synthesis and secretion of hormones by the thyroid gland.2Â Approximately 1% ...
On 31 December 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) was notified of several cases of pneumonia of unknown aetiology in Wuhan, China. After a relatively short period, officials confirmed the first case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) reported outside of China, in Thailand, ...
The clinical presentation of hypocalcemia varies based on the degree and chronicity of the derangement. Although many patients remain asymptomatic, mild symptoms of hypocalcemia include circumoral and extremity paresthesia, Chvostek’s sign and Trousseau’s sign; more severe derangements can ...
Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) is characterized by the impaired ability of the kidneys to absorb filtered bicarbonate or to excrete titrable acid in urine.1Â It manifests as normal anion gap (hyperchloremic) metabolic acidosis. RTA may be of four types: type 1 (...
Immune checkpoints are small molecules that are present on the cell surface of T lymphocytes to regulate the immune response. While some of these molecules enhance the stimulatory signals, others boost the inhibitory signals to blunt the activity of T ...
The use of immunotherapy in the treatment of cancer has been revolutionary, opening a new era in the fight against cancer. The principle of immunotherapy involves using pharmacotherapy to harness the power of the body’s own immune system to ...
In children, hyperthyroidism occurs less commonly compared to hypothyroidism, yet it is far more symptomatic.1 Hyperthyroidism in children is mostly due to autoimmunity, predominantly as a result of Graves’ disease.2 Non-autoimmune hyperthyroidism (NAH) is a rare cause of hyperthyroidism in ...
The armamentarium of anticancer drugs available to an oncologist has grown rapidly over the past few decades. The use of cancer immunotherapy and targeted therapy has become more popular in the last few years. It has also become increasingly clear ...
This interview explores current controversies in the management of hypothyroidism in children. Newborn screening programs have allowed early detection and treatment of babies with congenital hypothyroidism, but some programs do not detect cases with delayed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) elevation ...
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TC), frequently referred as stress-induced cardiopathy, apical ballooning syndrome or ‘broken heart’ syndrome, is characterised by left ventricular ballooning and transient systolic dysfunction. The Japanese term ‘takotsubo’ means a trap to catch an octopus, and its shape resembles ...
Subclinical hypothyroidism (SH), sometimes referred to as mild hypothyroidism, is a cumbersome term used to describe the compensatory increase in thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels to preserve normal thyroid hormone levels before they fall below normal, thus averting thyroid gland failure. ...
Thyroid disease has commonly been associated with hair loss, predominantly manifesting as diffuse thinning of the scalp and the lateral eyebrows. This can be of particular concern to patients, and may motivate some to seek medical evaluation. Indeed, thyroid disease ...
Subclinical hypothyroidism (SH), sometimes referred to as mild hypothyroidism, is a cumbersome term used to describe the compensatory increase in thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels to preserve normal thyroid hormone levels before they fall below normal, thus averting thyroid gland failure. ...
Thyroid nodules and thyroid cancers are more common in children than has been previously appreciated, and represent a significant health issue. Older studies used palpation to identify thyroid nodules and reported a childhood prevalence of 2%. However, high-resolution ultrasound identifies thyroid ...
The autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) comprise a series of interrelated conditions including Graves’ disease (GD) and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT). AITD are the most prevalent diseases of the thyroid gland in the pediatric population, particularly in adolescence.1 HT is the ...
The diagnosis of Turner syndrome (TS) is based on a complete or partial absence of the second X chromosome. Structural anomalies of the sex chromosome include isoXq (duplication of the long arm to form an isochromosome), rX (ring formation) and ...
The steadily increasing knowledge concerning selenium (Se) involvement in chronic autoimmune and viral inflammatory disease along with the growing prospect of preventive and/or therapeutic Se intervention, via diet or compounds, are the focus of this brief review. Important data ...
Log into your Touch Account
Earn and track your CME credits on the go, save articles for later, and follow the latest congress coverage.
Sign up with an Email
Or use a .
This Functionality is for
Members Only
Explore the latest in medical education and stay current in your field. Create a free account to track your learning.
