{"id":1099,"date":"2012-05-14T15:28:21","date_gmt":"2012-05-14T14:28:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/touchendocrinology.com\/2012\/05\/14\/advances-in-treatment-options-for-polycystic-ovary-syndrome\/"},"modified":"2020-08-20T19:27:50","modified_gmt":"2020-08-20T18:27:50","slug":"advances-in-treatment-options-for-polycystic-ovary-syndrome","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/touchendocrinology.com\/reproductive-endocrinology\/journal-articles\/advances-in-treatment-options-for-polycystic-ovary-syndrome\/","title":{"rendered":"Advances in Treatment Options for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age, with an approximate prevalence of 6\u201310 %.<sup>1\u20133<\/sup> Characterized by clinical features of hyperandrogenism (such as hirsutism) and\/or biochemical androgen excess and ovulatory dysfunction, PCOS is additionally associated with a spectrum of comorbidities that include infertility, increased risk of type 2 diabetes and of cardiovascular disease (CVD), psychological burden, and risk of endometrial pathologies including endometrial cancer.<sup>2\u20134<\/sup> The therapeutic approach to PCOS entails a foc<br \/>\n<!--more--><br \/>\nPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age, with an approximate prevalence of 6\u201310 %.<sup>1\u20133<\/sup> Characterized by clinical features of hyperandrogenism (such as hirsutism) and\/or biochemical androgen excess and ovulatory dysfunction, PCOS is additionally associated with a spectrum of comorbidities that include infertility, increased risk of type 2 diabetes and of cardiovascular disease (CVD), psychological burden, and risk of endometrial pathologies including endometrial cancer.<sup>2\u20134<\/sup> The therapeutic approach to PCOS entails a focus on the overt presenting complaint(s) (e.g., oligomenorrhea, clinical hyperandrogenism, ovulatory infertility) as well as on the metabolic burden that predisposes this patient population to a spectrum of comorbidities in the long run, including type 2 diabetes and CVD. In this article, the authors have attempted to provide an overview of  the treatment options that offer therapeutic benefit in PCOS. <\/p>\n<p> <b>Treatment Options for Targeting Common Symptoms Combined Oral Contraceptives <\/b> <br \/> Having long been used as the first-line treatment in PCOS management, combined oral contraceptives (COCs) offer not just menstrual regulation and endometrial protection, but also a benefit against cutaneous stigmata of hyperandrogenism in women with PCOS.<sup>5\u20137<\/sup> Mechanisms whereby COCs mediate improvements in PCOS-related symptoms include: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> a suppression of pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH), thereby reducing the stimulant effect of LH on androgen production by the ovarian theca cells;\n<li> an increase in hepatic sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) directly resulting from the estrogen component in the COC; the net effect is a decline in the free androgen levels and hence an improvement in the clinical features of hyperandrogenism (e.g., acne and hirsutism); and\n<li> the antiproliferative effects of the progestin component of the COC formulation, which offers protection against proliferative endometrial pathologies that oligomenorrheic and insulin-resistant women are particularly at risk of. <\/ul>\n<p><b>To view the full article in PDF or eBook formats, please click on the icons above. <\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age, with an approximate prevalence of 6\u201310 %.1\u20133 Characterized by clinical features of hyperandrogenism (such as hirsutism) and\/or biochemical androgen excess and ovulatory dysfunction, PCOS is additionally associated with a spectrum of comorbidities that include infertility, increased risk of type 2 diabetes [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1099","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","vocabulary_1-reproductive-endocrinology"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/touchendocrinology.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1099"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/touchendocrinology.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/touchendocrinology.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/touchendocrinology.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/touchendocrinology.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1099"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/touchendocrinology.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1099\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16418,"href":"https:\/\/touchendocrinology.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1099\/revisions\/16418"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/touchendocrinology.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1099"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/touchendocrinology.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1099"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/touchendocrinology.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1099"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}