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19 Results Found for “fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-23”
Pathophysiology of X-linked hypophosphataemia X-linked hypophosphataemia (XLH) is a progressive skeletal disorder, originally defined by Albright in 1937 as hypophosphataemic vitamin D rickets.1 XLH is the commonest form of inherited rickets/osteomalacia and is an X-linked dominant condition.2 The most common ...
The significance of osteoporosis and fragility fractures in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is becoming increasingly recognized as a major contributor to disability, hospital admissions and mortality. In CKD, bone fragility is worsened by the complex interactions of metabolic ...
The AASLD 2025 Liver Meeting® (7–11 November, Washington, D.C., USA) delivered a breadth of early- and late-phase data across metabolic liver disease, cholestatic conditions, liver failure, and rare liver diseases. This year’s findings reflected a rapidly evolving therapeutic landscape, with meaningful progress in mechanistic understanding, emerging signals of disease modification, and increasing momentum toward more precise, combination-oriented strategies across multiple liver conditions.
This Q&A with Dr Paul Brennan offers a practical guide to the diagnosis and management of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). Covering key risk factors, non-invasive diagnostic tools, lifestyle strategies, and emerging therapies, it provides clinicians with clear approaches to early detection and comprehensive patient care.
Hepatic steatosis is the liver manifestation of metabolic syndrome and a common cause of chronic liver disease. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) diagnosis relies on the presence of hepatic steatosis, defined as >5% fat accumulation in the liver, as observed ...
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is generally defined as “any degree of glucose tolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy”.1 It currently is one of the diseases with the highest morbidity among pregnant women.2 Determining its prevalence has been a ...
Pituitary tumours (PTs) are located in the sella turcica, which surrounds the adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis. PTs range from asymptomatic incidentalomas to symptomatic aggressive neoplasms, such as invasive neoplasms or pituitary carcinomas.1 Symptomatic lesions can be characterized either by hormonal overproduction ...
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which impacts an estimated 25% of the world’s adult population,1–3 is the principal cause of chronic liver disease globally. NAFLD as a whole represents a pathological spectrum of liver injury, spanning from simple steatosis to ...
Short stature affects 2.5% of children and is one of the most common reasons for consulting a growth specialist during childhood.1 Normal height is a polygenic trait and derives from the interaction of several factors. It is known that height is ...
Craniopharyngiomas (CPs) are rare, benign, epithelial tumours of the sellar and parasellar regions arising as embryonic malformations along the pathway of the craniopharyngeal duct.1 They have an incidence of 0.13 per 100,000 per year to 0.5–2.0 per million per year and are classified ...
Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) is characterized by the impaired ability of the kidneys to absorb filtered bicarbonate or to excrete titrable acid in urine.1 It manifests as normal anion gap (hyperchloremic) metabolic acidosis. RTA may be of four types: type 1 (...
It is highly appealing to manage osteoporosis and reduce risk of fracture by using drugs that can restore bone microarchitecture and bone strength; such drugs are bone anabolic agents. Teriparatide is the only currently licensed anabolic bone drug and has ...
It is highly appealing to manage osteoporosis and reduce risk of fracture by using drugs that can restore bone microarchitecture and bone strength; such drugs are bone anabolic agents. Teriparatide is the only currently licensed anabolic bone drug and has ...
Oncogenic osteomalcia, also known as tumour-induced osteomalacia (TIO), is a rare paraneoplasatic syndrome with around 350 reported cases.1 TIO initial symptoms are nonspecific and include fatigue, bone pain, muscle weakness, weight, and height loss, and later bone deformity and fractures. It ...
Medullary Thyroid Cancer (MTC) is a rare cancer of the thyroid parafollicular or ‘C’ cells, and is estimated to make up around 5–10% of all thyroid cancers.1 MTC was first described in 1906 by Jacquet as a thyroid tumour with amyloid, but ...
Medullary Thyroid Cancer (MTC) is a rare cancer of the thyroid parafollicular or ‘C’ cells, and is estimated to make up around 5–10% of all thyroid cancers.1 MTC was first described in 1906 by Jacquet as a thyroid tumour with amyloid, but ...
Welcome to the spring edition of EU Endocrinology, which features a diverse range of articles covering multiple topics in endocrinology. This issue begins with an article by Sandow et al. that provides an overview of bioequivalence studies of recombinant human ...
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), actually the most common cause of chronic liver injury, comprises a disease spectrum ranging from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis.1,2 NAFLD is defined as an accumulation of fat, mainly triglycerides (...
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